Change in Vow
Shortened Question:
Can I change my vow?
Question:
Assalam u alaikum! I made a vow that I will keep 30 fasts. Will khatam the Quran 20 times in 2 years and will spend 3 days in the path of Allah (seroza). My wish has not been fulfilled yet. Now I want to change my vow to 3 fasts, 3 khatam of Quran and will spend 3 days in the path of Allah. At this stage can I change my vow or I have to stick with the first one.?
Answer:
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.
In principle, once a vow is uttered[1], it becomes binding and one cannot retract from the vow[2]. You are thus obliged to complete the thirty fasts and the Qur`an twenty times in two years[3].
And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best
Hanif Yusuf Patel
Student Darul Iftaa
UK
Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.
References
[1]
أَقُولُ وَالنَّذْرُ لَا يَكُونُ إلَّا بِاللِّسَانِ، وَلَوْ نَذَرَ بِقَلْبِهِ لَا يَلْزَمُهُ بِخِلَافِ النِّيَّةِ؛ لِأَنَّ النَّذْرَ عَمَلُ اللِّسَانِ وَالنِّيَّةُ الْمَشْرُوعَةُ انْبِعَاثُ الْقَلْبِ عَلَى شَأْنٍ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى كَذَا فِي الْبَزَّازِيَّةِ
[Durar al-Hukkam Sharh Ghurar al-Ahkam, 212, Mīr Muhammad Kutub Khana]
قَالَ فِي شَرْحِ الْمُلْتَقَى وَالنَّذْرُ عَمَلُ اللِّسَانِ
[Radd al-Muhtār alā ad-Durr al-Mukhtār, 2: 433, H.M. Saeed Company]
[Ahsan al-Fatāwā, 5: 499, H.M. Saeed; Majmū` al-Fatāwā, 7: 196, Idarāt Ta`līfāt Ashrafiyah]
[2]
أما إذا كان النذر معلقا بالشرط وإنه على وجهين أيضا إن كان شرطا يريد ودوده إما لجلب منفعة أو لدفع مضرة...فوجدالشرط يلزمه الوفاء بما سمى ولا يخرج عن العهدة بالكفارة أيضا يلا خلاف
[al-Muhīt al-Burhānī, 6: 351, Idārah]
وسواء كان النذر مطلقا أو مقيدا أو معلقا بشرط بأن قال إن فعلت كذا فعلي لله حج أو عمرة أو صوم أو صلاة أو ما أشبهذلك من الطاعات حتى لو فعل ذلك يلزمه الذي جعله على نفسه ولم يجز عنه كفارة وهذا قول أصحابنا رضي الله عنهم
[Badā`I al-Sanā`I, 5: 90, dar al-Kutub al-Arabiyah]
سواء كان النذر مطلقا أو معلقا بشرط بأن قال إن فعلت كذا فلله علي أن أحج حتى يلزمه الوفاء إذا وجد الشرط ولا يخرجبالكفارة في ظاهر الرواية عن أبي حنيفة رحمه الله تعالى
[al-fatāwā al-Hindiyyah, 1: 262, Maktabah Rashīdiyyah]
[3]
وَكَذَا لَوْ نَذَرَ قِرَاءَةَ الْقُرْآنِ وَعَلَّلَهُ الْقُهُسْتَانِيُّ فِي بَابِ الِاعْتِكَافِ بِأَنَّهَا لِلصَّلَاةِ وَفِي الْخَانِيَّةِ وَلَوْ قَالَ: عَلَيَّ الطَّوَافُ بِالْبَيْتِ وَالسَّعْيُ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ أَوْ عَلَيَّ أَنْ أَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ إنْ فَعَلْت كَذَا لَا يَلْزَمُهُ شَيْءٌ. اهـ.
قُلْت: وَهُوَ مُشْكِلٌ فَإِنَّ الْقِرَاءَةَ عِبَادَةٌ مَقْصُودَةٌ وَمِنْ جِنْسِهَا وَاجِبٌ،
[Radd al-Muhtār, 738, H.M. Saeed]
[Fatawa Mahmudiyyah, 14: 71, Dar al-Ifta jamiah Faruqiyah Karachi]
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Posted in Oaths & Vows on 14th Mar 2016 by Our Imam | 1629 Views
